Learning Disabilities Literature Review - 2541 Words

Literature Review March 6, 2003 The first of the ten articles to be discussed examined a training program that consisted of an individualized, classroom-based social skills intervention. In the study, there were 45 children with learning disabilities 9-12 years old. These children were in self-contained special education classrooms. Thirteen children received intervention for 6 weeks and 7 children received intervention for 12 weeks. The remaining 25 children were in the control group, which received no intervention. The intervention consisted of the SST and AST programs. These programs were designed to facilitate social problem solving, role-playing, and modeling of appropriate social behavior. The children were given the†¦show more content†¦The children were interviewed to determine whom they viewed as their friends. The parents were concurrently interviewed to glean the same information. 6 weeks later, parents were audio taped describing the friendships of their children. Seven themes became apparent a s a result of the parent interviews: discrepancy between parent and child concept of friendship, social immaturity, social skills deficits, compatibility, satisfaction with relationships, barriers and facilitators, and parents role. Three important ideas emerged in the conclusion section of this research study. First, researchers have not considered the topic of quality of friendship of learning disabled children. Second, when considering special education placement, it may be important to look at classroom environment to determine if it is conducive to promoting the formation of mutual friendships. Finally, mothers might benefit from sensitization to the need for being engaged with promoting their learning disabled childs social relationships. (Weiner Sunohara, 1998). A fourth article discussed learning to learn cooperatively for learning disabled students. Four questions were considered: can social problem-solving be improved for students with learning problems, will cooperative behavior increase for students with learning problems, will metacognitive strategy instruction in social behavior increase the interaction and socialization skills of shy as well as popular students, andShow MoreRelatedStudents With Disabilities : Instructional Practices For Literacy Essay1188 Words   |  5 Pages Students with Disabilities: Instructional Practices for Literacy A Review Of The Literature Alicia M. Genco Charleston Southern University â€Æ' Abstract Students with disabilities are at a higher at-risk for dropping out of high school at a greater rate than typically developing peers (Pyle Wexler, 2012). Students with identified disabilities are required to a free and appropriate public education (FAPE) according to law, and these students have unique needs that general education curriculumRead MoreUsing Ipads With Students With Disabilities : Lessons Learned From Students, Teachers, And Parents844 Words   |  4 Pages Strnadovà ¡, I., Cumming, T. (2013). Using iPads with students with disabilities: Lessons learned from students, teachers, and parents. Intervention in School and Clinic, 1053451213509488. This article was found in the University of North Florida online library through the journal databases. The search terms used were iPad, disabilities, education, and classroom. I chose this article because it has literature review of previous studies, but most importantly it includes information and researchRead MoreResearch Based Note Taking Interventions For Students With Disabilities1210 Words   |  5 PagesApproximately 11% of students with disabilities attend college. Lectures comprise a major portion of students’ learning time. One of the most crucial skills to attain before attending college is the ability to learn note-taking skills. Note-taking skills assists students in their understanding of the content and increases their ability to understand and recall the information (Steimle, Brdiczka, Mà ¼hlhà ¤user, 2009). During a lecture, students with learning disabilities have difficulty discerning importantRead MoreInclusion Of Special Education Classroom1488 Words   |  6 PagesOver the past twenty years, there has been a strong movement within schools around the United States to integrate students with disabilities in to general education classrooms. Schools have been making more efforts to increase educational opportunities for students with disabilities, and while there are many benefits to inclusion, there are also many challenges. Inclusion of special education students in a regular education classroom continues to be the center of debate amongst administrators andRead MoreHealth Literature Review Essay1074 Words   |  5 Pagesdata bases such as PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, Ebsco, EMBASE and Science Direct. The articles searched for will be published between 2007-and 2017 and the search terms used will be drawn from the research quest ion. These key words include, â€Å"direct payments†, â€Å"personation of care† direct payments and adults with learning disabilities†, â€Å"effect of direct payments†. The literature search generated a large amount of relevant, current as well as datedRead MoreTeacher s Attitudes Towards Inclusion1683 Words   |  7 Pageseducation world. The law requires that students with disabilities be educated in the â€Å"least restrictive environment† to meet their needs, which begins with a placement in a regular education classroom. Having students with special needs in classrooms has many benefits and goes well for many individuals, but for others, inclusive classrooms can be a real struggle, causing teachers to have a negative outlook on inclusion. Review of the Literature Over the past twenty years, there has been a strongRead MoreThe Implementation of Facilities Management for Disable People at Universiti Teknologi Mara in Malaysia909 Words   |  4 PagesTHE IMPLEMENTATION OF FACILITIES MANAGEMENT FOR DISABLE PERSON IN UITM 1.0 INTRODUCTION Disable persons are special individuals who are considered missing a functional ability compared with a normal society. The movement of people with disabilities is limited and hard to do things without help and proper facilities. The term refers also to the individual such as mental health problems, physical weakness, sensory, cognitive, and intellectual. Individuals with this weakness usually occurs fromRead MoreExamining the Social Interactions of the Inclusion Classroom: A Grounded Theory1424 Words   |  6 PagesA Grounded Theory Inclusion has been one of the main focuses in the field of special education for the past two decades. Students with disabilities are being integrated in the general education classrooms at a steady pace. With the focus being on inclusion, educators are increasingly concerned with the social difficulties of students with disabilities (Lewis, Chard, Scott, 1994). In any child’s life, it is important that they grow socially and academically. So, are disabled students inRead MoreIntroduction.The Etiology Of Autism Is As Yet Unknown And1097 Words   |  5 Pageswith the disorder (Thompson et al., 2003; Werling and Gerschwind, 2013), with a ratio of four males to every female being widely accepted and cited in the literature (Fombonne, 2003; Whiteley, 2010). Where females with ASD are acknowledged, diagnosis, support and help are often received at a later age (Giarelli et al. 2010). Across the literature the reasons behind the predominance in male diagnosis, and associated un derdiagnosis in females, appears to be multifactorial, and include suggestions ofRead MoreA Study On Normal Classroom Instruction999 Words   |  4 Pageschapter will be the Literature Review. The Literature Review will present relevant published research which formed this action research study on literacy support services at the post-secondary level. The themes of this research include the reasoning for adult literacy support and the barriers to utilizing the support structures and services. Chapter 3, the Research Study, will describe the methodology of the research study in more detail. Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature Introduction and

Role Reversal between Children and Adults Free Essays

#1) There are certain dangers that parents often over look even if they try to pamper their child and one of which is the new culture that has emerged in our very home (Beder, 1998). This brings far more danger to their child than they can imagine. Consumerism is what advertisers teach our children as they bombard them with advertisements of junk foods, toys and basically any product that has children as their target. We will write a custom essay sample on Role Reversal between Children and Adults or any similar topic only for you Order Now They teach children the freedom to choose from tons of flavors of junk foods that they release in the market making the parents obliged to ask the preferences of their children before buying the product. The parents therefore have less or no influence on the food or toys for their children. They buy what their children want to simply avoid the â€Å"nagging factor† from their children and to save time in returning food that their children does not want to eat. This in a way reverses the role of the parent and child where the parent ought to decide for their children. In this generation, parents give in to their children when it comes to food and toys. Children at the age of five now have the freedom to choose what kind of food they want and the toys they want to play with. Since these children have no purchasing power, they turn to their parents who give in to their demands. The parents claim that their children know a lot more of the products than they do. This can be attributed to the fact that magazines for children have most of the pages allotted for junk food and toy advertisements. At an early age the children are thought about commercialism and the culture of consumerism even if they have no purchasing power, thus the book â€Å"Born to Buy† by Juliet Schor is appropriately named. Even kids nowadays have their concept of booze as finding of Wynne Tyree, the director of JustKid incorporated show that kids use sugar instead of caffeine to give then energy for the day. It is used the same way as adults use coffee. #2) Kids nowadays are way different. They tell you what they want and if you don’t give them that they can be a real pain. I do agree that the new culture that is cultivated in the minds of our children through the media has a lot to do with this behavior. I don’t intend for my kinds to be raised in a culture of consumerism. They will become a slave of capitalism and will buy and spend even if they have no money for such luxury. I believe that parents should still decide what heir children will eat since they know what is best for their child. We should not give in to their demands and prevent the reversal of roles. Advertisers only encourage, manipulate and persuade these children into a lifestyle of wastefulness and extravagance and what is worst is that it has long term effects on our children. It is a parent’s goal to be a good provider for our children but financing their excessive demands is way out of context. I think responsible parents should think for their children when it comes to the goods that we buy, after all, we are the ones who have the power to but. With that power is the responsibility of buying the right kind of goods for our children. How to cite Role Reversal between Children and Adults, Papers

Pr Communication Memo free essay sample

Press Release for Recent Organizational Change at Starbucks, Inc. Our Chief Financial Officer has suddenly resigned and when reviewing his financials that were prepared certain questions arose to his handling of the company’s financials. Ongoing studies are being conducted to conclude if further actions should be taken. This research of our financials have been taken into consideration for some time now, we feel that they have been reported correctly in the amounts just not in the timing. This is throwing off our dividends and our monthly and quarterly reports. This press release is to notify all of our stockholders, suppliers, and creditors that our company is still stable. We are looking into legal actions to take against our former CFO after a case is built. Our company is still operational and we are working hard to regain the trust that has been broken. We are cooperating with the SEC and will issue another press release within a week of their findings. We will write a custom essay sample on Pr Communication Memo or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Please feel free to contact our hotline with any further questions, 1-866-555-STBK. Danielle Realty CPA, Starbucks, Inc. MEMORANDUM TO:Management FROM:Danielle Realty CPA DATE:July 5, 2010 SUBJECT:PR Communication Memo This memo is sent out to concur with the recent press release that was sent out to our stockholders, creditors and suppliers with our company. The press release was to communicate to them that our company is still strong with the recent resignation of our CFO. Since the SEC has been involved in our company for some months rumors have started to circulate that our former CFO has doctored some of the financials reports. Well this is being looked into we must communicate to our staff, our competitors, our guests and each other that our company is still strong. There has been a hotline set up with cooperation from the corporate accounting staff to help answer questions that anyone may have in regards to stopping the rumors, avoiding the media’s bad press and calm our stakeholders. The biggest concern that most stakeholders have an interest in is that of their dividends. While it seems that the SEC is finding that the revenue recognition policy has been violated and sales and expenses weren’t reported in the time frame that they occurred, we must express that we are taking every action possible to fix this mistake. We still have one quarter left till the end of our fiscal year and are hopeful to have this oversight taken care of in the last quarter. One of the findings that the SEC has pointed out is due to the inappropriate behavior of our former CFO; bonuses were paid higher than should have been in the previous quarter. Also dividends were paid double than what they should have been. The former CFO benefited from both as being a stakeholder and getting a bonus. After this occurrence upper management is looking into reconstructing the organizational chart and the duties of the CFO and his office. The one hardship that has to be communicated very strongly to our stakeholders and our management team is that the payout of the bonuses and higher dividends will result in a lower, if not at all, for this past quarter. The press is our strongest competition right now. Their recent interview with one of our competitors CFO was a little embellished. Our company is not losing money or going bankrupt. We are not closing stores or halting operation. We still have enough money to pay our bills and our staff. Our stores are still profitable and doing well. It is up to us to stop the rumors that are circulating, communicate to our staff that if anyone from the media comes to question or interview them they are to refer them to our help line number. It is very imperative that no one answers question from the press. Not many understand what is going on with the SEC and the dealings with corporate so stress to them that we don’t want to keep anything secret. It is more a precautionary measure that they redirect calls to our hotline for a more accurate and technical response. PR Communication Memo free essay sample Press Release: Pride Enterprises CFO Resigns November 23, 2013 – Pride Enterprises, Inc. (Prison Rehabilitative Industries and Diversified Enterprises, Inc.) a company that is â€Å"nationally recognized in inmate training operating general manufacturing and services facilities throughout the state of Florida† (Pride Enterprises, Inc. We will write a custom essay sample on PR Communication Memo or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page , 2013). Today Pride is announcing the resignation for Bob Thompson, Chief Financial Officer effective immediately. Susan Sanchez, Finance Director will temporarily assume the duties of the chief financial officer for Pride Enterprises until a new chief financial officer has been appointed. At this time the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is investigating Pride Enterprises more will follow with the findings of the investigation. About Pride Enterprises, Inc. â€Å"Prison Rehabilitative Industries and Diversified Enterprises, Inc. doing business as Pride Enterprises, is a nationally recognized inmate training company operating Agriculture, Sewn Products, Graphics, Manufacturing, and Services facilities throughout the state of Florida. Pride Operates 41 training centers providing work and training to inmates in 29 state correctional facilities† (Pride Enterprises, Inc., 2013). General Information on Pride Enterprises can be obtained at the company’s website: http://www.pride-enterprises.org/. Contact: Rose Rudder, Investor Relations 813-324-8700 [emailprotected] Memorandum To: Manager From:Christina Thurman Date:12/1/13 Re:PR Communication Due to the current situation with the resignation of Bob Thompson we must understand that under corporate social responsibility Pride is â€Å"responsible for the behavior of its members and may be held accountable for their misdeeds† (Seitel, 2011). We must do the following to abide by the laws: 1. Release to the public the resignation of Bob Thompson and the investigation from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission – under SEC Rule 10b-5 â€Å"the SEC prohibits the dissemination of false or misleading information to investors† (Seitel, 2011). 2. We must provide all documents that the SEC is requesting regarding the investigation We need good public communication regarding the resignation and investigation. Through our Press Release we need to create a public understanding of what is going on in order to avoid a crisis installing fear that Pride has been corrupted we need to gain the trust of the public and stakeholders. We must show the public and the shareholders that we are doing the right thing by following our ethics. â€Å"Ethics are the values that guide a person, organization, or society – concepts such as right and wrong, fairness and unfairness, honesty and dishonesty† (Seitel, 2011). Pride Enterprises needs to do the right thing by letting the public to include the stakeholders know the situation. We do not need to hide anything or sugar coat it because it will only create a bad image of Pride Enterprises. It is now our job to assure the Stakeholders that we are doing everything we can during the investigation and that Pride Enterprises still has the integrity and honesty that they believed in when investing. â€Å"Public opinion is a powerful force that can impact the earnings of corporations through such actions as product boycotts, union strikes and the misdeeds of key executives† (Seitel, 2011). Throughout the investigation and searching for a new CFO we must keep the public opinion on our side. Pride Enterprises is not only providing quality materials we are also helping the inmates train and start over upon release. If we fail to keep a good public  opinion we could lose business and have to shut down industries causing us to help fewer inmates. References Pride Enterprises, Inc.. (2013). About Pride. Retrieved from http://http://www.pride-enterprises.org/about/about.html Seitel, F. P. (2011). The Practice of Public Relations (11th ed.). Pearson Education.

A Modern Cinderella and Other Stories

A Modern Cinderella and Other Stories â€Å"A Modern Cinderella and Other Stories† by Louisa May Alcott includes four short stories, each with different themes, tones, structure and point of view. Yet on a careful reading of these four stories one can discern a common theme that can be loosely applied to all the four stories. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on A Modern Cinderella and Other Stories specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This common theme of love and compassion is brought out in each of these stories in a very distinctive way, making each one stand out in its own right. This essay will compare and contrast the various literary elements of the four short stories and highlight the common theme of love and compassion running through the entire collection. The structure of each of these stories is laid out in a way to have maximum impact on the readers. A Modern Cinderella starts out like Cinderella’s story and shows one sister toiling h ard while other rest and ends like Cinderella when John produces the slipper. The beginning and the end justify the title for the rest of the story is nothing like the fairy tale and lays out the daily trials of simple folks. But while the Cinderella like start hooks the reader, the happy ending gives reader something to cheer about after the tragedy that had befallen the family in the middle of the story. The structure provides a perfect blend wherein comparison with the fairy tale is juxtaposed with the harsher realities of life. Debby’s Debut follows a simple structure of a love triangle where the love of the two suitors is alternately discussed to create the suspense as to which of the two Debby will chose. Although the reader is told that Debby loves Evans and there are a number of signs pointing towards Evans as the eventual winner, the depth of Leavenworth’s love is discussed in enough details to create doubt in the reader’s mind, especially in light of the pressure from Aunt Pen. This story follows the classical structure of a love triangle to keep the readers interested. The Brothers has an ebb and flow like structure. It starts slowly but the momentum builds up and reaches its high point when Robert’s identity is revealed. The tension continues as Robert proceeds to kill Ned and Faith tries to stop him. Once Robert agrees to back off, the narrative once again slows down only to rise again towards the climax. This structure has a very dramatic effect on the story and gets the reader involved in the lives of the lead characters.Advertising Looking for essay on comparative literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Each of the stories introduces the loving and compassionate nature of its lead characters in the opening scene. The first story, A Modern Cinderella, starts on a hot summer day when the main protagonist, Nan, is toiling alone in the kitchen while her younger sisters laze around. The arrival of John in this setting and subsequent change in Nan’s demeanor immediately makes the reader aware of the spark between these lead characters. Similarly in the Debby’s Debut, the reference to Aunt Pen’s intention of finding a suitable match for Debby, gives the first hint of an impending romance. The themes of The Brothers and Nelly’s Hospital center more around the compassion of its lead characters for other creatures. In The Brothers, nurse Faith Dane finds compassion in her heart for both the rebel soldier as well as the Mulatto, when it is clear that no one else in the hospital want to have anything to do with either of them. The main theme of Nelly’s Hospital is her compassion for her living being and once again this theme is introduced early in the story. Thus, each one of the four stories gives very specific and clear hint about their main theme in the early stages. Another idea repeated throug h the stories is that of loving one’s enemy. In The Brothers, Faith immediately agrees to care for the rebel soldier declaring that though she could not quite love her enemies, she was â€Å"willing to take care of them† (55). This theme of loving one’s enemies is repeated in Nelly’s Hospital, When Nelly compares the snake with a Rebel soldiers and yet decides to help it. In Debby’s Debut, Debby feels compassion for Clara, who would have been considered competition by other girls in her place. Astute enough to realize that Leavenworth was flirting with Clara to get her attention and that Clara might be falling for him, Debby chides Leavenworth for his actions. In the Modern Cinderella, although her sisters are not her enemies and are not intentionally cruel to her, at the beginning of the story, they come across as the â€Å"wicked stepsisters† and yet Nan jokes about them when John asks where they are. At this stage, the reader is not awa re of the true nature of the relationship between the sisters, and Nan’s charitable description of her sisters’ activities hint at her compassionate constitution. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on A Modern Cinderella and Other Stories specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus the idea of compassion towards enemies is firmly established across the four stories. The common theme of love and compassion is supported by author’s tone which is mostly optimistic in each of the stories. Modern Cinderella starts with the various domestic problems facing Nan, but the entry of John quickly turns the tone into optimism. The sisters share a loving relationship and even though Di and Laura tend to avoid house work and responsibilities, John’s reproach of their attitude is playful and their reaction suggests at the tight bond shared by the sisters. Despite all the problems faced by lovers, the tone never be comes pessimistic. Even the death of the sisters’ father does bring down the narrative and when Nan falls ill, it is quickly balanced by Laura’s optimistic thoughts about her sister and her resolve to become more like Nan. In Debby’s Debut, the tone is earnest and joyful as Debby attempts to please her aunt but cannot help herself from enjoying simple pleasures of life. As Debby enjoys her life despite Aunt Pen’s strict rules, the readers get pulled into the lively girl’s adventure and enjoy the vacation with her. In keeping with the subject of the story, The Brothers has a rather solemn tone. Although Robert’s experiences as a slave make him bitter, it does not affect the tone of the story which remains optimistic throughout. Finally, Nelly’s Hospital has an earnest tone as all the major characters chip in to help Nelly in her noble cause. As mentioned, each one of these stories remains optimistic even in the face of adverse circu mstances and avoid any kind of negative tone. The stories make ample use of foreshadowing to prepare the readers for the budding romance of its lead characters. In Modern Cinderella, Nan is facing a number of problems in the kitchen as she is trying to prepare the dinner all alone. But with the arrival of John â€Å"seemed to soothe all unpropitious powers with a sudden spell† (5). Advertising Looking for essay on comparative literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is the first hint of about Nan’s feeling for John. Similarly, the mention of John giving â€Å"his own gift in his mother’s name† hints at John’s feeling for Nan long before he confesses about it to his mother. In Debby’s Debut, the readers get the first hint Frank Evans and Debby may fall in love which each other by referring to Evans as â€Å"her fate† (26). In The Brothers, Robert’s trance like conduct when Faith first sees him gives the first hint that something is right. These foreshadowing makes the readers look forward to impending romance in The Modern Cinderella and Debby’s Debut, while incites the curiosity in The Brothers. The stories introduce conflict at various stages in the plot. In a Modern Cinderella, the conflict first arises somewhere in the middle of the story when John’s mother advices him to wait a year before proposing to Nan. It is further heightened by the death of the sisters’ fathe r which puts the responsibility of the family on young Nan’s shoulders. In Debby’s Debut, conflict is present from the very start since the Aunt Pen obviously wants Debby to marry rich and Evans comes from a working class background. Leavenworth’s growing affection for Debby further complicates the conflict. In The Brothers, the conflict is introduced rather late when Robert discloses his true identity and his intentions of taking revenge. The introduction of the conflict at various stages makes the readers react in different ways in each of these stories. In the Modern Cinderella, just as the reader is starting to believe that the main protagonists will soon get together, the introduction of conflict brings back the suspense. The love triangle and Aunt Pen’s clear preference for the rich Leavenworth keeps the suspense alive throughout the story in Debby’s Debut. In The Brothers, once the conflict is revealed, readers develop sympathy for Robert and subsequently, when the Rebel recovers, readers get the feeling of injustice towards the former slave. The strategic positioning of the conflict in each of these stories keeps the reader involved and raises varying emotions. Coming to the point of view, Alcott uses various points of view in the four stories to make the desired impact. Both Modern Cinderella and Debby’s Debut are romantic stories and so the omniscient point of view of these stories keeps the readers aware of the feelings of each of the characters and heightens the conflict and suspense in these stories. The Brothers uses a First Person narration resulting in a limited point of view which in turn heightens the suspense of the proceedings. The third person narrative of Nelly’s Hospital provides readers with the facts as seen from the perspective of a young girl. This helps the readers appreciate Nelly’s efforts and empathize with her concerns. Thus using the right point of views makes conflic t and the suspense of each one these stories stand out and helps the reader to identify with the characters. While each of the stories has their own ironies, The Brothers is perhaps one of the most ironic tales ever told. Robert finds himself caring for and trying to save the man who was responsible for his wife’s death. Even though he hates Ned, for an entire week he works hard to improve his condition so that he can learn what happened to his wife. When Robert tries to kill Ned to take revenge for her wife’s death, Faith ironically evokes the dead woman’s memory to stop him from committing murder. And in the end, even though he had been wronged again and again by his former master, he is unable to get his revenge when not him but another soldier kills Ned while he dies as a result of wounds inflicted upon him by Ned. Robert feels avenged and says that â€Å"it’s better so†, perhaps because the way the things played out ensured that Robert was n ot guilty of murdering his own brother. Once again the readers witness the irony of the situation since even though he had been wronged by Ned in so many ways Robert continues to think of him as his brother. While The Brothers is full of irony, other stories in the collection also have their ironic moments. In A Modern Cinderella, the biggest irony is perhaps the fact that the girls lose their father on the happiest day of their life. Just a few hours after he accepts Phillips proposal to allow Laura to marry him, he is found dead in his garden. Alcott further brings out this irony in announcing the death. She refers to fields of grain and ripening fruits, all of which are symbols of prosperity and life and then mentions almost offhandedly that â€Å"In the silence of the night a greater Reaper had passed by†¦leaving only tender memories† (18). In Debby’s Debut, we witness the happy irony of Debby falling in love with the poor Mr. Evans despite her aunt’s best efforts to get her married to the rich Leavenworth. Also, while Aunt Pen tries to educate her niece in the sophisticated ways of the rich society, ironically it is Debby’s simple and honest demeanor which attracts Leavenworth to her. The stories also make ample use of symbols, metaphors and imagery to get the message across. A Modern Cinderella starts with a description of the sisters’ house and its surrounding and refers to the trees as â€Å"patriarchal elms stood sentinel upon the lawn, as they had stood almost a century ago† (3), just as their fathers â€Å"paternal love †¦ had been its strength and stay† (20). The problems facing Nan as she braves the house work all is best captured by the words â€Å"domestic purgatory†¦, kitchen† (4). Later, when it is obvious that Nan has fallen in love with John, the grove which she had visited since childhood to enjoy its solitude no longer felt deserted and â€Å"all things seemed to wear one shape†(13), an obvious reference to John. Just before announcing the death of their father, Alcott tells the readers the good news of Laura’s impending engagement. A little later, John and Nan walk out into the garden to look for Nan’s father. As they are walking down the garden, Alcott describes the scenery as â€Å"Fields of yellow grain were waving on the hill-side, and sere corn blades rustled in the wind, from the orchard came the scent of ripening fruit, and all the garden-plots lay ready to yield up their humble offerings to their masters hand† (18). These words serve a dual purpose at this point of the story. Besides bringing out the irony of the old man’s death, they also refer to the happiness felt by the young lovers in wake of the recently receive good news. Although the sisters always had a close bond, the death of their father brought them closer and prepared them for the long life that lay in front of them. Alcott has described this formation of a close bond between the sisters using the metaphor â€Å"the soil was made ready, and in the depth of winter the good seed was sown, was watered with many tears, and soon sprang up green with a promise of a harvest for their after years† (20). As the girls grew closer and became more responsible, their actions are described as â€Å"herbs of grace† (21). Time heals all wounds and by spring the girls had taken control of their lives and moved on after their father’s death. This aptly symbolized as â€Å"spring cleaning†. In Debby’ Debut, the contrast between old age and youth is brought out by the fact that while even though they had both had the same exhausting journey, Aunt Pen chose to sleep earl while Debby was forced to be patient even though she wanted to play at the beach. Also, while Debby rose early, Aunt Pen continued to sleep till much later. The rising sun is an apt symbol for Debby’s youth and her soon to foll ow debut. The youngsters at the summer watering hole had completely different dispositions in the privacy of their home but took on more polished roles in the each other company. This change in their personalities is captured by Alcott using the words â€Å"actors and actresses† to refer to the young crowd. In the Brothers, the various injustices faced by Robert are compared with Michael Angelo’s bronze prisoner. Also, Robert refused to adopt the last name of his masters but later took Faith’s last name as a sign of his respect for the woman who gave him a second life free of vengeful thoughts. Another symbol is Alcott’s reference to the fact that â€Å"all colored men are called boys†. Robert is described as a twenty five year old strong-limbed and manly person. Yet he is referred to as a â€Å"boy† because of his race. As Patterson points out, this confuses his identity, just as his being of mixed race results in him belonging to neither race. Similarly, being a contraband â€Å"he is neither a slave nor free† (Patterson para 5). By referring to this manly person as â€Å"boy†, Alcott symbolizes the confused nature of his identity. Thus Alcott has made ample use of imagery, symbols and metaphors to get across her message in her stories. Alcott also had a tendency to borrow heavily from her own life and experiences and this lends the realism to her stories. A Modern Cinderella, tells the story of three sisters. As pointed out by Keyser, this sister theme is repeated over and over again Alcott’s writing. A Modern Cinderella like several other of Alcott’s work, including her most famous novel, Little Women, â€Å"are based on the experience of Alcott and her sisters† (Keyser 84). Similarly, Alcott’s brief work as a nurse during the Civil War is reflected in The Brothers and Nelly’s Hospital. On the other hand, Debby’s Debut reflects her limited knowledge of fash ionable society since by the time she wrote the story it was no longer considered necessary for poor girls to â€Å"make hay and eat bread and milk out of a bowl† (Harris 117). It is obvious that her stories were much more realistic when they were directly inspired from her personal experiences. In conclusion, the four stories in the collection each have a unique take on theme of love and compassion and loving ones enemies. Each one of these stories skillfully uses the various literary elements to create the mood and deliver the punch at the right places. The fourth story, Nelly’s Hospital is simple tale of a little girl who feels compassion for living beings. Although the story is not as dramatic as the other three stories, it portrays the innocence of childhood and brings out the healing power of a kind deed. A Modern Cinderella and Debby’s Debut are classical love stories told in a simple way. And The Brothers highlights the importance of forgiving those wh o have sinned against us. Each one of these stories provides a new insight into human nature and has a literary structure to keep its readers hooked from the first word to the last. Work Cited Alcott, Louis May. A Modern Cinderella and Other Stories. Web. Harris, Sharon M. Rebecca Harding Davis and American Realism. USA: University of Pennsylvania Press. 1991. Print Keyser, Elizabeth Lennox. â€Å"The Most Beautiful Things in All the World† Little women and the feminist imagination: criticism, controversy, personal essays. Eds. Janice M. Alberghene, Beverly Lyon Clark.USA: Psychology Press. 1999. Print. Patterson, Mark. Racial sacrifice and citizenship: the construction of masculinity in Louisa May Alcotts The Brothers.. Studies in American Fiction 25.2 (1997): 147+. Literature Resource Center. Web.

Free Essay Editing

Free Essay Editing Free Essay Editing Free Essay Editing: Do not Neglect the Important! What are your actions when you have got an assignment to write a free essay? What do you concentrate your attention on? When getting an assignment to write an academic paper a student usually spends all his/her efforts and time of course at preparing for his/her writing and making this paper. The matter is that most students consider the task of writing any assignment paper as the process involving gathering of all necessary information (preparation stage) and making of the first as well as the final paper drafts (writing in itself). But what about editing? Unfortunately, just few students pay enough attention to this stage. However, it plays an important role in successful writing of any academic paper. In what way should you edit your assignment free essay? What principles of free essay editing should you keep in mind? Free essay editing: important points Lets focus on the most important things concerning free essay editing: First and foremost, you should remember that free essay editingis an important stage in your assignment essay writing. Although it is the last stage, you should not neglect it. So, edit your free essay carefully before submit it. Free essay editingsuggests attentive reading of the final paper draft and correcting of all possible mistakes that it may have. To find these mistakes you should read your free essay twice at least. Do not hurry! Concentrate on your paper. Nothing should divert your attention. Make use of dictionaries and manuals. They will help you make your spelling, grammar and punctuation correct. Pay attention to the contents as well. You may have missed some words or even phrases. This may misrepresent your ideas and make your free essay difficult to understand. You should also correct such mistakes. Free essay editinginvolves also checking of the paper format. Your free essay should be organized properly. So, if you find out that your paper format does not correspond to the requirements anyhow, you should make some changes. That is what you should keep in mind when getting down to your free essay editing. Help with free essay editing If you are not sure about your ability to make good free essay editing, contact us! We help students not only in writing but also in editing of their assignment papers. We will edit your free essay and you may not worry about its quality. Read also: How to Write a Book Report Essays on Patriotism Critique Essay Write Critical Success Factor Analysis Critical Literary Essay

Attraction and mating Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Attraction and mating - Essay Example Some of the most fundamental issues examined within biological sciences relate to the core concepts of attraction and mating. In general terms mating is understood as the coming together of two opposite sex organisms into a form of copulation that results in reproduction. Attraction is broadly understood as the process wherein these individual creates attract the opposite sex organism that they will copulate with in the act of mating. While these are broad understandings of this terminology, there is also a large amount of scientific research that goes into understanding these elements in terms of the differences and specific elements within species. This essay considers these elements from a variety of perspectives in order to come to a greater understanding of their key elements. In terms of attraction there are a number of broad issues that scientists have identified as key concepts within this field of understanding. One of the primary elements of attraction that has been identif ied is the idea of symmetry. Symmetry is the scientifically research construct wherein animals are more drawn to the symmetrical nature of other animals’ faces and bodies. The theoretical understanding behind this concept is that strong symmetry demonstrates that individuals have demonstrated the ability to go through the development process in a strong fashion and as a result are healthy and demonstrate fertility for mating. A biologist at the University of Mexico stated, "It makes sense to use symmetry variation in mate choice," said evolutionary biologist Randy Thornhill of the University of New Mexico" If you choose a perfectly symmetrical partner and reproduce with them, your offspring will have a better chance of being symmetric and able to deal with perturbations" (Carey 2007). Research has been conducted that has demonstrated that individuals with more symmetrical faces are perceived as more attractive by members of the opposite sex. The exact numbers of sexual partne rs vary between men and women, with research indicating symmetry being a more important part of a man’s composition than a woman’s. Another central element of attraction is body shape. In these regards, the waist to hip ratio, or the WHR as it has been referred is one of the primary aspects in these regards. Scientists have even measured the waist to hip ratio that has been shown to be the most effective in attractive members of the opposite sex; in these regards, it has been demonstrated that a waist to hip ratio of .7 is the most effective ratio in which to attract members of the opposite sex. In terms of men, there is what is referred to as the Adonis index. This feature considers that women are most attracted to broad shoulders and a V-neck body shape wherein from the torso to the pelvis a V neck tapers of through muscle and skeletal structure. In addition to this element men are also judged by their waist to hip ratio. In these regards, the most effective waist to hip ratio for men is slightly larger than that of women. For men the ideal ratio is between .8 and 1.0. While there are a number of elements that scientists have attempted to discern in the waist to hip ratio’s relation to attractiveness, research has focused on a few specific points. One of the primary determinants is the belief that the waist to hip ratio functions to allow potential partners know if the individual will have enough energy to be able to care for their offspring. For women, this involves a complex interaction between estrogen and fat deposits that send signals to the opposite sex as to if they will have the proper energy necessary for reproduction and offspring care. For men, this relation is between testosterone and fat deposits. It’s been demonstrated that individuals residing in this ideal waist to hip ratio face less challenges with diseases, such as cardiovascular and other such complications; women in this range have also been demonstrated to ha ve an easier time during pregnancy. There also exists elements of related to attraction and

The Developing World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Developing World - Essay Example Despite its proficiency in providing aid and humanitarian support, like its predecessor the League of Nations, the UN is fundamentally reactive, unable to independently and resolutely mark its influence upon events. This wouldn’t appear to be accidental as it cannot be an effective ‘world parliament’ or a conscientious objector when its policies and actions are determined by the interests of the main imperialist powers, predominantly the US ruling class. Since 1945 America has been the dominant force in the UN. In the Korean War of 1950-1953 fought under the United Nations Joint Command, 90% of all army personnel, 93% of air power and 86% of naval power came from the US (UNDP, 2001). Washington is supposed to provide 22% of the UN budget, but has often withheld huge sums owed in order to force compliance with its wishes. These arrears currently stand at $1.3 billion (UNDP, 2001). United Nations’ peacekeeping interventions are often controversial affairs and lay bare the UN’s inability to keep the peace when there is no peace to keep. The Security Council has been forced to explicitly accept responsibility for failing to prevent the 1994 genocide in Rwanda in which 800,000 people were killed. On the eve of the atrocities most of the 2,500 peacekeepers were withdrawn after the deaths of 10 Belgian soldiers, thereby sending a green light to the killers. Moreover much of the subsequent UN aid was channeled through former Rwandan government officials who controlled refugee camps in Congo. (FAO, 2001). Many of these camp leaders were implicated in the campaign of genocide. Similarly, the UN was widely criticized for rehabilitating the forces of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia, even going so far as to provide them with funds for the 1993 election (UNCTAD, 2006). This policy suited both the US and China, both of which wanted to shore up any opposition to Vietnam. Then there is the shame of Srebrenica in Bosnia in 1995, where Serb forces overran a so-called UN safe area, butchering 7,000 men and boys in Europe's worst massacre since World War Two (UNCTAD, 2006). UN Secretary General Kofi Annan later wrung his hands and concluded that "peacekeepers must never again be deployed into an environment in which there is no ceasefire or peace agreement" (SMH, 15/7/07). In a sick postscript, the perpetrators of this massacre, Bosnian-Serb leader Karadzic and General Mladic are still in hiding, having thwarted the UN's attempts to bring them before the International Court of Justice at The Hague (SMH, 15/7/07). Worldly Struggle Savage fighting between ethnic African rebels and pro-government janjaweed militia in Sudan's vast western Darfur region has led to 200,000 deaths since 2003 (UNCTAD, 2006). A beleaguered 7,000 strong African Union force has been unable to stop the fighting and only now does it seem possible that UN troops will be permitted to enter the arena to try and uphold the Darfur Peace Agreement signed a year ago (SMH, 15/7/07). The impasse in Israel-Palestine is one of the clearest examples of the UN's inability to resolve complex crises. Despite first proposing a two-state solution in 1947, today the situation